完整的文字记录。在黑暗中 - S1 E6 - 陌生的危险

黑暗中: S1 E6 陌生的危险

: 前情提要：在黑暗中。

: “Rochelle, someone took Jacob. Someone took Jacob. There was a man with a gun, and he took Jacob.”

: 直升机扫描了一个30平方英里的区域，而下面的搜索人员则步行梳理该地区，但没有发现任何踪迹。

: I wanted everybody in the world looking for Jacob. It was like my son, you know, we’re talking, getting him home. We did what we had to, what we felt we had to.

: Lots of kids that are taken are not taken by some caring person and taken to Disneyland. They’re taken by someone who is into sexually assaulting children. And if you’re lucky, you’ll find the body in a field.

: We pulled out all the stops and turned them upside down. Sometimes, you just can’t get it.

: A few weeks after Jacob Wetterling was kidnapped, Jacob’s mom, Patty, started getting letters from all over the country. Letters from kids, kids who had heard about Jacob, and wanted to tell Jacob’s mom their own stories of violence and abuse.

: “This happened to me,” or “My sister ran away, and this happened, and this.” And it was like this growing … It’s like a snowball.

: Before Jacob was kidnapped, Patty thought she understood how the world worked. The lives of kids, as she understood them, revolved around homework, and hockey practice, and playing outside, and getting into small and quickly resolved fights with friends. But Jacob’s abduction and this deluge of letters forced Patty into a world she’d never imagined.

: It’s bigger than Jacob. I knew that right away.

: This is In the Dark, an investigative podcast from APM Reports. I’m Madeleine Baran. Today, we’re going to do something a little different. We’re going to leave the dead-end road where Jacob was kidnapped 27 years ago. We’re going to look outward, far beyond this tiny town, far beyond Minnesota even, and see how the fear about what had happened to Jacob, and what it seemed could happen to any child would grow and spread until it took the form of a federal law that would alter the lives of millions of Americans.

: 而要了解这一切是如何发生的，我们必须回到20世纪80年代，回到雅各布消失的那个世界。

: 记住，一个陌生人-

: 可能意味着危险。现在，我知道了。

: 而了解是战斗的一半。

: GI Joe.

: 那时，"陌生人危险 "的概念无处不在。它出现在电视节目和早间动画片中，出现在公共服务公告中，其中有不科学的、不断变化的关于有多少孩子失踪的数字。

: If she gets into that car, that may be the last time you’ll see Jenny. I’m McGruff, the Crime Dog. See those kids? Every day in this country, 60 kids disappear. Some run away, but a lot are kidnapped by strangers, or even by people they know. Take a bite out of crime.

: 绑架儿童和虐待儿童是最受焦虑的父母欢迎的电视电影类型之一。

: 我的小儿子在这里。

: 是的。

: 你看到他去哪里了吗？

: 戏剧性的演技。

: 他们中的哪一个伤害了你？

: 他们都做到了。他们给我们看并拍了照片。

: 还有令人毛骨悚然的情节转折。

: 但它是如何发生的呢？

: One day I’m off doing something for myself, you know. I don’t know, eating a Danish. And these people raping our baby.

: This idea began to take root at the edges of the public’s consciousness that thousands of child abductors were out there waiting to strike the moment we let down our guard, even though this is actually a really rare crime. And that fear, it grew into a kind of national hysteria.

: 这不是一个万圣节的寓言。这是一个现实生活中的恐怖故事。

: 失踪儿童的脸开始出现在牛奶盒上。家长们为他们的孩子打上指纹，以防有人抢走他们。日托机构被指控对幼儿进行撒旦仪式。

: A symbol of every parent’s worst fear.

: 一个越来越多的国家悲剧已经成为一个国家丑闻。

: I was talking to a man named Ernie Allen about what it was like back then. He’s a national expert in child abductions. And back in the early ’80s, Ernie was one of the first people raising alarm about missing kids. He would go on to help found the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.

: This was a time, late ’70s, early ’80s, in which there were some horrendous cases involving the abduction and murder of children. Adam Walsh in South Florida, Etan Patz in New York.

: These cases became iconic. You might remember some of them yourself. Etan Patz snatched away on his two-block walk to the bus in Manhattan, the first time he’d been allowed to make the trip by himself. Adam Walsh, taken from a Sears Department Store and found beheaded two weeks later in a drainage canal off the Florida Turnpike. Johnny Gosch disappeared from his paper route in West Des Moines, Iowa.

: It just frightened people and made people think something’s going on. Something is wrong. This is not about one sick city. It’s not about one Jack the Ripper. This is happening to greater or lesser degrees in communities across this country, and America has missed it.

: 到1989年雅各布-韦特林被绑架时，经过十年的歇斯底里，公众和立法者都渴望做一些事情，任何事情，以保护儿童和结束绑架儿童的行为。

: 从一开始，雅各布-韦特林案件的调查人员就确信，该罪行符合其他儿童绑架案的模式；做这件事的人有一个性动机。

: 调查人员现在说，他们计划询问明尼苏达州所有曾被判定犯有性犯罪或针对儿童的犯罪的人。他们想知道星期天晚上雅各布被绑架时这些人在哪里。

: 当时负责此案的联邦调查局高级探员杰夫-乔马告诉记者，这是如何做到的。

: What we’re trying to find out where persons who had been convicted of this type of crime before were at 9:15, Sunday night.

: But it wasn’t easy. Back then, the files of people convicted of sex crimes were spread out in boxes in small town police departments, sheriff’s offices, courthouses. There wasn’t a central directory of people convicted of sexually assaulting children. So, when Jacob’s mom, Patty, started asking some of the investigators who worked on that case if there was anything that could have helped, they told her, “Yes, there was one thing.”

: Knowing who was in the area would have made things move a lot faster at expediting, you know, ruling out. Actually, it works to rule people out. If you know who’s done this before, and you have their name and address, you can go, “Where were you?”, you know, right through the list much more quickly.

: What law enforcement and Patty had in mind was a private registry of the addresses of sex offenders, so they could quickly find all of the sex offenders who lived in a certain area. Some states already had laws like that, but Minnesota wasn’t one of them. So, about a year after Jacob was kidnapped, with the case still unsolved, Patty pushed for a state law to create a registry in Minnesota. But there was no national registry. Patty worried that offenders could easily cross state lines.

: I was, at that point, working closely with the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. And people were calling the National Center and finding out which states don’t have sex offender registry. “My brother’s getting out of prison soon, and he’s trying to decide where he should live.” So, it was like, “Well, we can fix that.” So, we did. We just did it.

: 1993年，在雅各布被绑架约四年后，一位来自明尼苏达州的美国代表在国会提出了一项法案，即《雅各布-韦特林法案》，要求所有州每年核实性犯罪者的地址，并保持性犯罪者的登记册。帕蒂设想的登记册是为执法部门准备的东西。

: 它的目的不是向公众开放。

: 但后来-

: 就在，你知道，当梅根-坎卡被绑架时，我们已经接近于最后确定法案。

: Megan Kanka, she was a 7-year-old girl from New Jersey who was raped and murdered by a convicted sex offender who lived across the street. Megan’s parents didn’t know the man was a sex offender. So, they asked Patty if they could add one tiny seemingly minor addition to the Jacob Wetterling Act, just a couple of words.

: 因此，他们增加了一句话，说执法部门可以在释放暴力犯罪者时通知社区。

: May notify the community, it didn’t seem like much.

: But I had this nagging thought in the back of my head from the first time I heard it. I had this nagging thought, “What would the general public do with that information?” But I would be going against another victim family who saw another need. And I wasn’t strong enough to say, “No, I don’t think so.”

: 雅各布-韦特林侵害儿童犯罪登记法》作为1994年《联邦犯罪法案》的一部分获得通过。它标志着这个国家对性犯罪者的新思考方式的开始。一旦性犯罪者这一群体应该被登记和追踪的想法被采纳，就没有回头路可走了。

: Two years later, in 1996, Congress passed Megan’s Law. It took the idea of community notification, something that had been voluntary in the Wetterling Act, and made it mandatory. Now, local law enforcement had to notify communities about most sex offenders moving into their neighborhoods.

: 今天，美国警告说，如果你敢掠夺你的孩子，无论你走到哪里，州与州之间，镇与镇之间，法律都会跟着你。

: This is letting parents know that the fox is in the hen house. Are we mad and bitter? No, but we’re sick of seeing these people get all the rights, and our children and the parents not getting any rights.

: 从那时起，这似乎几乎成了一种竞争。谁能通过对性犯罪者最严格的法律？

: 加强有关性侵犯者的法律的呼声越来越高。

: 问题是，除了终身监禁或执行死刑之外，还有什么能起作用吗？

: 国会通过了一项法律，规定最严重的性犯罪者必须在登记册上终生登记。

: By enacting this law, we’re sending a clear message across the country. Those who prey on our children will be caught, prosecuted, and punished to the fullest extent of the law.

: 登记册扩大到包括犯有各种性犯罪的人，而不仅仅是针对儿童的犯罪。现在，有些人因为给男友发了一张自己的裸体照片或在外面小便而被登记在册。青少年开始被列入登记册。它一直在发展。越来越多的法律，越来越多的限制。

: Missouri State Law requires sex offenders on Halloween night to turn off porch lights at 5:00, stay inside until 10:30, and post signs like this that say, “No candy or treats can be found inside.”

: 有一个地方制定了法律，禁止某些性犯罪者进入公共风暴庇护所。纽约州长甚至禁止一些性犯罪者玩Pokemon Go。

: 官员们担心游戏的引诱成分。纽约州有38,000名注册的性犯罪者，他们担心可能很容易伪造身份证并跟踪儿童玩家。

: Earlier this year, President Obama signed International Megan’s Law. It requires authorities to mark the passports of US citizens who have been convicted of certain sex crimes against children with what they call a visual identifier, presumably a stamp; though the government has yet to figure out what the exact marking will be. The marking passports, by the way, is something we’ve never done before in this country for any kind of crime.

: As efforts to get tough on sex offenders picked up steam, Jacob’s mom, Patty, was right on the front lines with the parents of other abducted kids pushing for more laws, for more restrictions. She met with President Clinton in the Oval Office, appeared at a news conference in front of the White House, and became a nationally-renowned advocate for child safety. She even ran unsuccessfully for Congress three times on a platform of keeping kids safe.

: When her son was abducted 17 years ago, Patty Wetterling told herself she’d do everything possible to bring Jacob home and everything possible to protect other families. From Minnesota to the US Congress, Patty Wetterling forced gridlock legislators to pass new laws to prevent child abduction, lock sexual predators behind bars, and keep our families safe. An ordinary Minnesotan with extraordinary courage.

: I’m Patty Wetterling, and I approved this message.

: But Patty couldn’t shake that nagging thought in the back of her mind that maybe some of this wasn’t such a good idea. She began getting another type of letter, letters from parents, parents of kids who had been put on sex offender registries. And one day, she went to Alabama to speak at a treatment center for kids who had been convicted of sex crimes.

: I walked in, and there all these kids wearing blue jeans and blue work shirts. You know, they’re kids. And the youngest one had just had his 10th birthday, and he was experimenting with a cousin or something when a relative walked in, and was horrified, and named him a sex offender. And I was so devastated by that.

: 最后，她甚至开始去监狱与成年性犯罪者交谈，试图帮助他们。

: I want them to see a personal side, and I don’t need to be mean, and angry, and yelling at them. I want to show them a compassionate side of life.

: Patty thought more about all these sex offenders, about what all these laws and restrictions meant for them. She began to think about all this in a different way. She began to think, “I want these sex offenders to have a successful life.”

: Because that would mean no more victims, and that’s the goal. But we we let our emotions run away from us achieving that goal.

: And some of these laws, the way Patty began to see it, were actually doing the opposite. They’re making it harder for sex offenders to rejoin society in a way that was safe for everyone.

: You’re screwed. You will not get a job. You will not find housing. This is on your record forever, and ever, and ever. Good luck.

: Today, the best estimate is that there are about 850,000 people on sex offender registries in this country. That’s about 1 in 400 people.

: There’s something that I think is really important to remember here, these are people who have already served their time. Many have spent years in prison. And this is the only crime that we do this for. Murderers don’t get put on a public registry. Arsonists don’t. Thinking about all this, it sounded unconstitutional.

: So, I got in touch with a guy who has studied sex offender laws extensively, even written a book about them. His name is Eric Janus. He’s a lawyer and former head of William Mitchell Law School in Minnesota. Janus told me that, yes, it’s true, the state is not allowed to punish people after they’ve served their sentences. That would violate the Constitution. But sex offender laws, according to the Supreme Court, are not punishment. They’re regulation.

: I think, and I don’t mean this in any kind of provocative way, but it’s like we’re regulating nuclear waste. We’re not punishing the nuclear waste. We are making sure that it’s kept away from us at a safe distance. And that’s perfectly acceptable, and the law does that kind of thing all the time. It’s not punishment. It’s regulation.

: 问题是，这些法律将这种想法应用于人。这些法律把人当作具有某些危险特性的危险物品。

: 像危险废物？

: 没错，就像危险废物。

: If someone is hazardous waste, there’s no safety measure that goes too far.

: But we’ll take a little quick right, to the right. Let’s go here. You’re not making it too obvious.

: 几个月前，我们派了一个叫罗文-莫尔-杰里提的制片人去看看这些法律把我们带到了哪里。罗文在迈阿密的一个商业区附近与这个叫马科斯的人见面，这个商业区被称为现场。

: But there’s tents, and a few cars parked on here.

: The spot isn’t a house or an apartment complex. It’s just this outside area, a parking lot basically, next to some warehouses. And it’s where some of Miami’s sex offenders live. Marcos used to live here too.

: Here to my left, right behind, just next to the lighting pole is where I was parked there. Right there all the time. Right in front of me, there’ll be a gentleman pitching a tent every night with a car in front of us as well. So, you’ll see-

: Marcos as a Marine Corps veteran. When he was 21 years old, he tried to meet up for sex with two teenage girls he’d met in an internet chat room. The girls turned out to be undercover officers. Marcos went to prison for seven years and got out last year. He’s still on probation, and wears an ankle monitor. He asked us not to use his last name because he doesn’t want to be threatened or harassed.

: 马科斯将站在我身后。马科斯将在这里。

当马科斯准备出狱时，他开始考虑住在哪里。

: You know, you’re like,”It can’t be that bad. You know, there’s got to be a place to live. It can’t be hard.”

: 但事实证明就是这么难。在马科斯居住的迈阿密，性犯罪者必须住在离学校2500英尺以上的地方，离日托中心或操场1000英尺以上。

: That area right there, it’s good for any sex offender to live in. Right where we were at maybe five seconds ago, it is not good for sex.

: What’s a thousand feet that way?

: I have no clue, but the circle goes around in and as the crow flies. So, that means that, pretty much, there’s got to be some sort of school around there or some sort of daycare.

: Just think for a minute what this means. Imagine taking out a map of Miami and drawing a circle around every day care center and playground, a thousand feet in diameter. And drawing a larger circle 2500 feet around every school. And then, coloring in all those circles with a red marker. Once you’re done, almost the entire map will be red. That’s the map of Miami that Marcos has to work with for the rest of his life.

: 马科斯刚出狱时，他设法找到了一套符合所有限制条件的公寓，事情进展顺利。但后来，大约一年后--

: Someone must have seen the registry, and they notified them. They notified the property that there was a sex offender living on the property. Obviously, you know, your face is plastered all over the internet. Anyone can punch in their address, and they’ll know you’re living close to them. And then, I mean, just that label itself, that says enough. You know, it’s the worst label you can have pretty much.

: The property manager gave Marcos 10 days to get out. That’s how he ended up at the spot. His probation officer told him about it.

: She said, “Look, if you don’t find housing, this is where all the sex offenders are staying at.”

: 马科斯第一次去这个地方是在下午。他想在天黑之前去看看。

: And I was like, “Wait a second. Here?” I’m thinking more of a safer area, I guess, you could say. And yeah, I mean, it was surreal that this exists in the United States. Forced homelessness is pretty much what it is. It’s a makeshift prison. If you think about it, it’s like one of those prisons in the future.

: But Marcos didn’t have any other choices. So, he found a place to park and moved in.

: 人们去哪里上厕所？

: To be honest with you, my case, I went in a cup and a Gatorade bottle that I had in my car. I mean, it’s not safe to get out, obviously, at nighttime. At nighttime, there’s no lighting at all here. You don’t want to be, you know, going in and out of your car. You never know who’s out there waiting for you.

: Here’s what seems especially absurd about this. The spot was where Marcos had to come to sleep. It guaranteed that when Marcos was sleeping, he’d be far away from children. But during the day, he could pretty much go wherever he wanted.

: Later on, as the night gets closer, you’ll see a lot more cars here. I mean, this place is packed pretty much.

: 从睡在这里的第一个晚上开始，马科斯就想离开这个地方，找到一个可以搬进去的房子。而马科斯比现场的很多人都要好。他经营自己的生意。他有能力买房子。但是，当他看着他的迈阿密地图，也就是他必须要用的地图，在托儿所、学校和操场周围的所有红圈，整个迈阿密戴德县只有大约80或90所房子在这些红圈之外，不是待售的房子，而是整个房子。

: I was honestly looking. I was looking every day at the map where I could buy the houses. I told that to my best friend who was my realtor. I told him we’re finding a needle in a haystack here.

: 马科斯会看看他的地图，看看他可以住在哪里。

: Small pockets. Some pockets were small as two homes. Some pockets were as big as 30 homes. And I remember the pockets. I wrote them all down. And then, I went on to Zillow.com, you know, the housing website. I would kind of like go off each other, kind of, you know, “Okay, there’s no different in this than here. Okay, now, go back to this site. Where’s more houses for sale? Boom.” Kind of constantly going back and forth, back and forth, back and forth looking every single day.

: 经过三个月不间断的搜索。

: 是的。你能带我参观一下吗？

: Sure. It’s a new home. I mean, the main thing is that it was good for my residence restrictions.

: 马科斯终于找到了一个符合所有性犯罪者限制的房子，并搬了进去。

: It’s this little issue right here, which is nothing but a blanket pretty much. It’s better than sleeping in a car, which is what I was doing for the past two months and a half.

: 马科斯说，这整个经历让他觉得自己是个弃儿。

: 我说，我想表达的主要内容是，不仅对我，对其他没有出路的人也要公平，你知道。我在10年前做的事情将困扰我的余生。但我希望人们能够认识到这些法律没有任何意义。这些法律的存在只是为了进一步惩罚。没有别的意思。

: You can trace all of this, all these laws, the laws affecting Marcos, the spot, the passport markings, the Halloween restrictions directly back to a few specially dramatic abductions of children by strangers. The goal of all these laws was to protect kids from these kinds of crimes. And so, the obvious question is, did they work? Did they reduce the number of kids getting abducted by strangers? Jacob’s mom, Patty, have the same question.

: Is it working, or is it not working? You can’t pass legislation, and then 20 years later, strengthen it without any proof that it’s doing what it was set out to do.

: 因此，我去寻找这个证据。我请来了和我一起工作的数据记者威尔-克拉夫特。

: 嘿，威尔。

: 你好。

: 所以，感谢你的到来。

: 没问题。

: 我请他尝试找出现在被陌生人绑架的孩子是否更少了，因为我们有所有这些法律。

: 这是我走过的最令人困惑的旅程。

: You’d think this would be pretty easy to figure out, that you just go to the FBI and say, “FBI, how many kids are kidnapped by strangers every year?” And they’d say, “Glad you asked. Here’s our annual report on that very topic.”

: The FBI’s website even says, “Get in touch with us if you want archived statistics.”

: So, Will get in touch. The FBI said, “Submit a FOIA request for the data.” FOIA stands for Freedom of Information Act. It’s the formal way you request records from the federal government.

: So, I submitted a FOIA request. It was rejected. I submitted a second FOIA request, and then a FOIA negotiator got in touch with me and said, “We can’t give you the information that you want. They say it’s too difficult to gather all of it, and would take a really long time.”

: 他们是谁？

: That’s a good question. I asked, “Who is they?” And the FOIA negotiators said, “I’m not allowed to tell you.” And then, I pressed her on that, and I said, “Well, I’d want to know, is this the people who have gathered the data? Is this the custodians of the data?” And she said, “I would really like to tell you more, but I would get in trouble with my bosses if I released any more information about this basically.”

: 为什么？

: She wouldn’t tell me that either. It’s very strange.

: 她最终确实告诉了威尔，这方面的信息是存放在箱子里的纸质文件。

: She basically said, “I cannot tell you where, and I cannot tell you who is in control of it.”

: 你以为你要求的是核密码吗？

: 是的，我是说...

: So far, the FBI has refused to let us look inside those boxes. And even if they did, we still wouldn’t be able to figure out whether fewer kids are being abducted these days. That’s because the whole process of local law enforcement reporting missing kids to the FBI is voluntary. A lot of local agencies don’t do it.

: There’s no national requirement. There’s no national standard for how these things need to be reported.

: 我一直在研究这个问题。最后，我发现国会实际上确实要求司法部进行所谓的定期国家事件研究，以了解有多少儿童失踪，有多少被找到。但在过去三十年中，该部门只做过两次这样的研究。

: 第一份报告关注的是1988年。它对83个执法机构进行了抽样调查，估计那一年美国有200到300个孩子被陌生人绑架了。第二份报告调查了1999年的情况。它抽样调查了4000多个机构，估计那一年有115个孩子被绑架。

: But these numbers don’t tell us anything because they’re only two years, and they used different methods of counting, so you can’t compare them. The federal government actually says not to.

: This is like shining a flashlight into a cave. You see a small number of cases, and you get a few details, but there’s so much still left in the dark.

: Yeah. And you don’t know, like, if you were to shine it in a different area, like, would you be looking at something completely different?

: 是的，因为这决不是对这个问题的科学研究。只是有这么多的注意事项。这些数字是无用的。

: 威尔和我花了六个月的时间研究这个问题。最后，我们几乎没有得到任何数据，而立法者、媒体和流行文化却让我们相信这是这个国家的儿童面临的最严重的威胁之一。

: We spent a lot of time doing work that can basically be summed up by the shrug emoji. It’s like, “Ugh.”

: That’s so depressing.

: 是的。

: 几个月前，在韦特林夫妇发现他们的儿子在近27年前发生了什么事之前，我和我们的制片人萨马拉一起去找帕蒂-韦特林谈话。

: 早上好。你好。

: 进来吧。

: 谢谢。

: It’s finally spring.

: 我们想和她谈谈她现在对她所创立的法律的感受，特别是开始这一切的法律，即要求所有州都有性犯罪者登记册的法律。

: 你是否定期检查注册表？

: No. It doesn’t do me any good to know the registry. I know they’re out there. So, no, I don’t I don’t check registries.

: 你认为任何公共登记处都是一个好主意吗？

: You ask hard questions. I think, the way it was set up at the beginning can be a helpful law enforcement tool, much as, the same as when you get pulled over by a state trooper, they got your entire record, man. They know what you’ve been up to. And if it’s been a lot, they may be more likely to issue the ticket than the warning. And it’s all there. Your neighbors don’t know that. Most people don’t know that. And the rest of the world doesn’t need to know that.

: It’s hard. It just seems like where we’re at right now, it’s like-

: We’re stuck. Right now, we’re stuck because it’s a trap. We want people to be angry about sexual assault. And then, when they’re angry about it, they want to toughen it up for these people, you know, these bad boys who do this. And if we can set aside the emotions, what we really want is no more victims. Don’t do it again. So, how can we get there? Labeling them and not allowing them community support doesn’t work. So, I’ve turned 360 or, no, 180 from where I was.

: 帕蒂希望她的遗产是一个对孩子们更好的世界，一个更安全、更快乐的世界。但她说，她担心所有这些法律实际上所做的是使人们拒绝这种想法，而将世界视为从根本上说是暴力、黑暗和可疑的，每个角落后面都潜藏着危险。

: It’s all the fear. I think, fear is really harmful in this topic. You’re more likely to get struck by lightning than to get kidnapped. But the fear of sexual abuse, especially with parents, is huge. And they think that making their kids scared is going to keep them safer, and that’s absolutely not true. It’s probably the opposite.

: 帕蒂告诉我，现实是孩子们被他们认识的人伤害的可能性要比被陌生人或注册的性犯罪者伤害的可能性大得多。

: It is somebody who knows the family and knows the child, the teachers, the coaches. They are in our community, and it’s not somebody jumping out from the bushes.

: Here’s what seems so remarkable to me about this. Patty’s own experience is of her son being taken by a stranger in the dark. It really is that nightmare scenario. And yet, what she’s telling us is that we should not be making any more laws based on what happened to Jacob. But we did talk about Jacob. We talked about Danny Heinrich. By that point, Heinrich was already known to the public as a possible suspect in Jacob’s kidnapping, but he hadn’t confessed yet.

: I just want to say this after all of our hours and hours of conversing. Most of the offenders, most of the suspects that we have had were never on a registry. Danny Heinrich that they have now, he wouldn’t have been a registered sex offender.

: Danny Heinrich had never been convicted of a sex crime. Even if all of these laws had been in place back then, it wouldn’t have mattered. None of them would have alerted authorities to Heinrich.

: And even when Patty learned all the awful things that Danny Heinrich had done to her son, she didn’t ask people to be more vigilant or pass tougher laws. Instead, she asked people to play with their children, to eat ice cream, to laugh, and to help their neighbors. She asked people to celebrate living in the kind of world where Jacob lived before he was kidnapped, a world where people were so scared of each other.

: 下一次是《黑暗中》。

: Crimes are being committed that were unsolvable for the education and background of the individual who’s holding a position of chair.

: 这起谋杀案震惊了斯蒂尔斯县的农村社区，让州犯罪调查局的调查人员和警长们困惑不已，他们在寻找谋杀案背后的一些零星原因。

: All at once, we’re locking doors.

: 是的，是的。

: 这时我们开始在家里配备枪支。

: 这40年里有什么变化？什么都没变。因此，40年前及以后的问题今天仍然存在，但必须有一个元素，以便有问责制。而当问责制不存在时，灾难性的事情就会发生。

: 黑暗中》由萨马拉-弗莱马克制作。副制片人是Natalie Jablonski。黑暗中》由凯瑟琳-温特编辑，并得到汉斯-布托的帮助。APM报告》的主编是Chris Worthington。网络编辑或Dave Peters和Andy Kruse。摄像师是Jeff Thompson。感谢Rowan Moore Gerety在迈阿密的报道。本集的补充报道由Will Craft和Emily Haavik负责。我们的主题音乐是由Gary Meister创作的。本集由Johnny Vince Evans混音。

: Go to InTheDarkPodcast.org to watch a video of Patty Wetterling talking about how she’s changed the way she thinks about sex offender registries, and to find ways to get help if you or someone you know has been sexually assaulted.

: 黑暗中》的成功，部分要归功于我们的听众。你可以在InTheDarkPodcasts.org/donate网站上支持更多类似的独立新闻。

用Sonix自动将音频转换为文本